article for my literature review

Carnegie Mellon University
Research Showcase @ CMU
Dietrich College Honors Theses Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences
4-2010
Motivation in Foreign Language Learning: The
Relationship between Classroom Activities,
Motivation, and Outcomes in a University
Language-Learning Environment
Jaclyn Bernard
Carnegie Mellon University

Abstract
In the study of academic motivation in a language-learning setting, motivation has
traditionally been considered an independent variable. The present study treats it as both a
dependent function of classroom activities and an independent predictor of study time, expected
grade, and whether a student will continue to study the language. Six distinct motivational types
are discussed: motivation about the language, motivation about the class, confidence, external
motivation, whether the class feels required, and self-reported motivation. Motivation about the
language is found to be of particular importance in predicting outcomes, along with fun activities
and activities that promote language use about students’ own lives and interests.


another article for my literature review